Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. These shifts include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression) that can disrupt daily life, relationships, and work.

 

Symptoms

 

Manic or Hypomanic Episodes

    •    Increased energy, activity, or restlessness

    •    Euphoric or irritable mood

    •    Decreased need for sleep

    •    Racing thoughts or fast speech

    •    Impulsive or risky behavior (e.g., spending sprees, unsafe sex)

 

Depressive Episodes

    •    Persistent sadness or hopelessness

    •    Fatigue or lack of energy

    •    Loss of interest in activities

    •    Difficulty concentrating

    •    Changes in appetite or sleep

    •    Thoughts of death or suicide

 

Symptoms and their intensity vary among individuals. Bipolar disorder is typically diagnosed as one of the following:

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Bipolar I Disorder: At least one manic episode, possibly followed by hypomanic or depressive episodes

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Bipolar II Disorder: At least one hypomanic and one major depressive episode, but no full manic episodes

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Cyclothymic Disorder: Numerous periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms lasting two years or more

 

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Treatment Options

Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition, but with the right treatment plan, individuals can manage symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.

 

Common Treatments Include:

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• Medication: Mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium), antipsychotics, antidepressants (with caution), and anti-anxiety medications

• Psychotherapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), family-focused therapy, and psycho-education

• Lifestyle Management: Regular sleep, exercise, healthy diet, and avoiding substances like alcohol or recreational drugs

• Support Systems: Ongoing support from family, friends, and peer groups plays a crucial role in recovery

 

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Resources

If you or someone you know is living with bipolar disorder, you’re not alone. These trusted resources can provide information and support:

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    •    National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) 

    •    Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance (DBSA) 

    •    Mental Health America (MHA) 

    •    Crisis Text Line – Text HOME to 741741 (24/7 support)

    •    Suicide & Crisis Lifeline – Dial or text 988 (24/7 confidential support)